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Summary
Slave labor – Rural workers kept in conditions similar to those of former slavery are constantly being freed, meaning that government is acting to rescue these people from slave labor. Their situation also shows the lack of a specific anti-slavery legislation in Brazil. Laborers lured by overseers to certain regions of the country by promises of getting a job are taken to remote farmlands, from where it is quite impossible to flee. When they reach the camp they are kept in precarious lodgings and have to work very hard in exchange for food. They have to pay for meals, work tools, plus trip costs, boots, etc., and the wages they earn are not enough to cover these expenses. As their debts grows bigger than their earnings, they never succeed in paying what they owe, becoming then enslaved through debt bondage.
Prison system – Sentenced or awaiting trial, the female inmate faces difficulties in a system designed by men and for men. The female prisoners suffer from gynecological problems, diseases passed on by sexual contact, and HIV infections, whose rates are high in comparison with those of the country population and male inmates. Besides, the question concerning pregnancy and the right to breastfeeding remains unsolved.
Familiar agriculture – The small farm businesses in Brazil managed by the family owing them, are responsible for about 37.8 per cent of the national livestock and agricultural production. According to recent studies that rate is going to rise. In spite of difficulties to get credit and technical support these small farmers are growing organic products as a way of increasing their income.
Political marketing – It is known that in general politicians do the best to improve their public image, and during election campaigns they are very good at using different situations to try to get votes or advantages for themselves. In Brazil the political marketing, seemingly inactive during the period of military dictatorship, reappears with a high standard of professionalism.
Hip-hop – The aesthetic cultural and political movement which was most popular in the late 1960s in the poor areas of New York City has spread all around the world. In Brazil it has given a chance to teenagers living in the periphery of the cities to express themselves, through break, rap and graffiti – the so-called parts of hip-hop. They are special styles of dancing, dressing, of music and art that also help the young establish their identity in relation to society.
Community radios – Radio is the most popular mass media in Brazil, and that is why the community broadcasters fight to send out radio programs. About 10,000 small radio stations, considered as criminal, pirate, unlicensed and illegal, around the country, try to show how important they are to the community they target.
Economy – A study conducted in 29 countries has shown that Brazil is one of the world’s five nations with biggest entrepreneurial activity. The unemployment, due to the shortage of jobs in the market, is pointed out as a major cause of the rise of new entrepreneurial businesses.
Amazon – The Amazon is a vast region in Northern Brazil, which provides the scenery for the polemics involving the exploitation of its natural resources. In the State of Amapa, there are interesting activities going on, concerning the sustainable development of that area, such as the use of the resources by the local community, no mega-projects whatsoever, in total respect for the nature.
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